마사지가 피로물질과 스트레스호르몬에 미치는영향

Abstract

현대사회는 사회구조가 급격하게 변화되고 전문화되어 생활양식 및 인간관계가 매우 복잡하여 많은 직장인에게 만성적인 스트레스 및 피로 등이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 과중한 스트레스나 만성피로는 작업능률의 저하나 여러 가지 위험인자로 작용하고 있다. 본 연구는 특이한 병력이 없고, 하루에 10시간 이상 미용업에 종사하고 있는 미용인을 대상으로 경락마사지(meridian massage)와 두개천골요법(Craniosacral therapy_)이 피로 및 스트레스에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다.

연구 방법으로는 2009년 12월 11일부터 2010년 1월15일까지 미용업에 종사하는 15명을 대상으로 자연휴식군, 경락마사지군 및 두개천골요법군 각각 5명으로 나누어실시하였으며 실험 전․후 설문 조사 및 혈액을 채취하여 설문 분석 및 혈액 내 피로물질 및 스트레스 호르몬의 농도를 비교하였다. 본 연구의 통계적 분석은 SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Science)ver 12.0 프로그램을 이용하여 평균과 표준 편차를 산출하고, 집단별 측정도구의 신뢰도 검증을 위하여 Cronbach's α 계수를 산출하였으며, 집단 간 동질성 검증은 일원변량분석(One way ANOVA)을 통해 비교하였고, 실험 후 결과는 대응표본 t-test, 독립표본 t-test 및 일원변량분석(One way ANOVA)을 실시하여 분석하였다.

실험 결과를 보면 다음과 같다. 1. 실험 전․후 시각적 상사척도(VAS)를 분석한 결과, 경락마사지 군이 4.36±.321(M+SD) 가장많은 감소를 나타냈으며, 두개천골요법군이 4.34±.699(M+SD), 자연휴식군이 1.32±.835(M+SD)감소하여, 경락마사지군과 두개천골요법군은 통계적으로 유의미하게 감소하였다(p<.01). 2. 실험 후 설문을 통한 집단별 만족도를 분석한 결과, 경락마사지군과 두개천골요법군이 5.00±.000(M+SD), 자연휴식군이 1.90±.149 (M+SD)로 두개천골요법군과 경락마사지군은 통계적으로 유의한 만족도를 나타내었다(p<.01)

3. 실험 전․후 피로물질인 혈액 내 젖산 농도의 감소량을 분석한 결과, 경락마사지군이 1.54±1.831(M+SD), 두개천골요법군이 1.54±1.831 (M+SD), 자연휴식군이 0.78±2.532(M+SD)감소하였으나, 세 군 모두 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>.05).

4. 실험 전․후 스트레스 호르몬인 혈액 내 코티졸, 에피네르린, 노르에피네프린에 대한 농도의 감소량을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 코티졸의 경우 두개천골요법군이 6.34±1.097(M+SD), 경락마사지군이 5.01±1.648(M+SD), 자연휴식군이 1.43±2.069(M+SD)로 세 군 모두 감소하였으나, 두개천골요법과 경락마사지군에서만 통계적으로 유의미한 감소를 나타내었다(p<.01). 에피네프린의 경우 두개천골요법군이 38.60±19.8357(M+SD), 경락마사지군이 23.27±16.068(M+SD), 자연휴식군이 1.80±6.849(M+SD)로 두개천골요법과 경락마사지군에서 통계적으로 유의미한 감소를 나타내었다(p<.01). 노르에피네프린의 경우 경락마사지군이 42.28±76.409(M+SD), 두개천골요법군이 41.46±93.244(M+SD), 자연휴식군이 8.55±37.842(M+SD) 감소하였으나 세 군 모두 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>.05).

이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 경락마사지와 두개천골요법 모두 주관적인 피로도 및 스트레스 감소 효과가 나타났고, 피로물질인 젖산과 스트레스 호르몬인 노르에피네프린은 감소하였지만 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 하지만 에피네프린과 코티졸은 스트레스 호르몬의 감소 효과를 나타내었다. 아울러 경락마사지와 두개천골요법을 비교 분석한 결과 두 마사지의 효과의 차이는 없는 것으로 나타나 경락마사지를 대체하여 좀 더 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 두개천골요법을 피로 경감 및 스트레스 완화를 위한 대체보완요법으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. |This thesis was carried out to find out the effects of meridian massage and craniosacral therapy on the decline of and the resolution of stress. It is a hassle as well as a financial burden to massage and get a massage. Hence, this study was focused on the practicability of craniosacral therapy that may be more readily available in person.

Fifteen Subjects were chosen, who had had no medical history until the experiment was carried out and who work as a beauty and skin care expert for more than ten hours on a daily basis. In order to find out the influence of meridian massage and craniosacral therapy on fatigue and stress, the following two methods were carried out : one was psychological effect through questionnaire and the other was biochemical effect by measuring fatigue material in blood and stress hormones.

The study process was designed to correspond to the study purpose as follows: experimental groups were made up of natural rest group(5 subjects), meridian massage group(5 subjects), and craniosacral therapy group(5 subjects). In addition to that, the time of massage and rest was 1 hour respectively. Questionnaire as well as blood samples was collected each before and after the experiment. Fatigue material in blood and concentration of stress hormones were compared as well.

The collected data were analyzed with a SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science)Ver. 12.0 program through which average and standard deviation were calculated. Cronbach's α was calculated to check if the data were a reliable source as each group's measuring method. One way ANOVA was done to check homogeneity among groups, results after the experiment were conducted through equivalent sample test, independent sample test and one way ANOVA as well. The findings of the experiment were as follows: 1. According to the statistical analysis of VSA which was done before and after the experiment, meridian massage group showed the largest decline(4.36±.321)(M+SD), followed by craniosacral therapy group(4.34±.699)(M+SD), and then natural rest group(1.32±.835)(M+SD) came in the last place, which showed a statistically significant decline after the experiment.(p<.01)

2. The result of satisfaction questionnaire conducted by each group after the experiment was that both meridian massage group and craniosacral group showed the same satisfaction(5.00±.000)(M+SD), and then natural rest group showed a little less satisfaction(1.90±.149)(M+SD)(p<.01).

3. The analysis of lactic acid, one of fatigue materials in blood, was carried out to see if the condensation of lactic acid could decline. The result was that all the three groups showed no notable decrease in the condensation: meridian massage group(1.54±1.831)(M+SD), craniosacral group(1.54±1.831)(M+SD), and natural rest group(0.78±2.532)(M+SD), which meant that all of the groups showed little difference of a statistically significant difference.(p>.05)

4. The analysis of cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, which are stress hormones in blood, was carried out to see if the condensation of those hormones could decline. The result was as belows : For cortisol, even though all the three groups - craniosacral group(6.34±1.097)(M+SD), meridian massage group(5.01±1.648)(M+SD), and natural rest group(1.43±2.069) - declined, only craniosacral and meridian massage groups showed a statistically significant decline.(p<.01).

For epinephrine, craniosacral group and meridian massage group showed a statistically significant decline even though all the three groups declined(p<.01). - craniosacral group(38.60±19.8357)(M+SD), meridian massage group(23.27±16.068)(M+SD), and natural rest group(1.80±6.849)(M+SD).

For norepinephrine, despite the fact that all the groups declined, all of them didn't show a statistically significant difference(p<.01). : meridian massage group(42.28±76.409)(M+SD), craniosacral group(41.46±93.244)(M+SD), and natural rest group(8.55±37.842)(M±SD)

In summary, not only craniosacral therapy but also meridian massage that played a role in relieving subjective exhaustion and stress and had an effect on reducing lactic acid and norepinephrine didn't show a significant difference. In contrast, epinephrine and cortisol had an influence on alleviating stress.

Additionally, judging from the results, there was little difference of the effect between craniosacral therapy and meridian massage, which means that it is possible for craniosacral therapy to become an alternative therapy for alleviating fatigue and relieving stress.