20·30대 여성의 피부상태 분석과 피부관리 태도에 대한 연구

Abstract

본 연구는 20대와 30대 여성을 대상으로 연령별 피부유형, 피부건강상태를 분석하여 연령에 따른 피부상태의 차이점과 문제점을 파악함으로서 연령에 따른 올바른 피부관리의 지표로 삼고자 하였다. 또한, 20대와 30대의 피부건강상태와 생활습관과의 관련성을 분석하고 피부관리태도, 화장품사용실태를 파악함으로서 피부건강관리를 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 서울에 거주하는 20대와 30대 여성 중 314명을 무작위로 선정하여 2005년8월 16일부터 30일간 피부미용전문인을 통해 피부진단 및 설문조사를 실시결과 다음과같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 피부유형에 있어서는 연령군간 통계학적 유의적인 차이로 20-24세는 지성피부가30.3%, 25-29세는 복합성피부가 40.8%. 30-34세는 건성피부가 34.6%, 35-39세는 건성피부가 55.4% 로 가장 많았다. 피부건강상태에서 예민 피부는 20-24세가 48.7%, 25-29세가 28.9%, 30-34세가 33.3%, 34-39세가 37.5%로 연령군간 통계학적으로 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 탄력저하피부는 20-24세가 19.7%, 25-29세는 38.2%, 30-34세는 50.0%, 35-39세는 59.5%로 연령이 높은 군이 탄력저하피부가 많게 나타나 연령군 간 통계학적으로 유의적인 차이가 있었으나 연령이 낮은 20-24세에서도 탄력저하피부가 19.7%나 있었다. 여드름피부는 20-24세가 59.2%, 25-29세가 53.9%, 30-34세가 43.6%, 35-39세가 36.5%로 연령이 낮은 군이 여드름피부가 많이 나타나 연령군간 통계학적으로 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 또한 여드름피부 74.5%가 여드름 정도 1로서 20·30대의 여드름 증상은 심하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 여드름 부위는 20-24세와 25-29세는 각각 이마부위가 30.9%와 27.1%로 가장 많이 발생하는 부위로 나타났고 30-34세와 35-39세는 입·턱 주위가 가장 많이 발생하는 부위로 각각 38.5%와 40.4%로 나타났다. 색소침착피부는 20-24세가 47.4%, 25-29세는 48.7%, 30-34세는 61.5%, 35-39세는 68.9%로 연령이 높은 군이 색소침착이 많게 나타나 연령군간 통계학적으로 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 색소침착 부위는 광대뼈 주변이 전체 연령군의 64.4%로 색소침착이 가장 많이 나타나는 부위였다. 색소침착 종류는 기미가 20-24세는 11.1%, 25-29세는 9.7%, 30-34세는 42.2%, 35-39세는 72.4%로 연령이 높은 군이 많이 나타났으며 주근깨는 20-24세가 58.3%, 25-29세가 41.9%, 30-34세가 20.7%, 35-39세가 23.1%로 연령이 낮은 군이 많이 나타나는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 로지스틱 분석을 통한 20·30대의 피부건강상태와 생활습관과의 분석에서 예민 피부의 경우, 흡연을 하는 경우가 흡연을 하지 않는 경우보다 발생율이 약 2.0배 높았으며 통계학적으로 유의한 수준이었다. 탄력저하피부의 경우, 연령상 30대가 20대보다 발생률이 약 2.0배 높고 자외선을 3시간 이상 받는 경우 3시간 미만을 받는 경우보다 발생률이 약 1.6배 높아 통계학적으로 유의하였다. 여드름피부의 경우, 연령상 30대가 20대보다 발생률이 약 0.6배 낮고, 흡연을 하는 경우가 흡연을 하지 않는 경우보다 발생률이 약 2.7배 높았으며 통계학적으로 유의하였다. 또한 단음식을 좋아하는 경우는 좋아하지 않거나 보통의 경우보다 여드름 발생률이 약 2.3배 높게 나타났으며 통계학적으로도 유의성이 관찰되었다. 색소침착피부의 경우, 단음식을 좋아하는 경우 좋아하지 않거나 보통인 경우보다 발생률이 약 1.7배 높았으며 통계학적으로 유의하였다. 또한 자외선을 3시간이상 받는 경우는 3시간미만을 받는 경우보다 색소침착 발생률이 약 1.4배 높은 것으로 나타났으며통계학적으로도 유의성이 관찰되었다. 셋째, 연령별 화장품 사용실태는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이로 연령이 높은 군이 에센스, 영양크림, 아이크림의 매일 사용 비율이 높았다. 팩(마스크) 사용에 있어서는 '사용하지 않는다'가 20-24세는 13.2%, 25-29세는 17.1%, 30-34세는 28.2%, 35-39세는 60.3%로 연령이 높은 군이 팩을 사용하지 않는 비율이 높게 나타나 연령군간 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 딥 클렌징 사용에 있어서는 '사용하지 않는다'가 20-24세는 27.6%, 25-29세는 28.9%, 30-34세는 42.3%, 35-39세는 59.5%로 연령이 높은 군이 팩을 사용하지 않는 비율이 높게 나타나 연령군간 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 넷째, 연령별 피부 관리태도는 세안방법에서 미지근한 물 사용이 20-24세는 25.0%, 25-29세는 53.9%, 30-34세는 59.7%, 34-39세는 63.0%로 연령이 높은 군이 미지근한 물을 사용하는 비율이 높게 나타나 연령군간 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 전문피부관리실 이용 빈도를 묻는 항목에서는 20·30대 전체 연령군 59.4%가 전혀 이용하지 않는다는 결과를 보여 20·30대는 피부 관리실 이용을 거의 하지 않는다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 20·30대 연령은 피부관리를 위해 화장품을 사용하는 비율이 전체 연령군의 52.9%를 차지하는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과, 20·30대의 피부유형은 연령이 높아짐에 따라 피부 유분과 수분함유량이적어짐과 함께 지성피부보다 건성피부가 많아짐을 알 수 있었다. 피부건강상태에서는 예민 피부는 연령과 상관없이 발생하며 전체연령군의 36.8%를 차지해 각 연령층에 예민 피부가 상당 수 분포되어 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 탄력저하피부는 연령이 높은 군이 탄력저하피부가 많게 나타났으나 연령이 낮은 20대 군인 20-24세가 19.7%, 25-29세가 38.2%로 탄력저하피부에 해당되었다. 여드름피부는 연령이 낮은 군이 여드름피부가 많았지만 30대 후반군에서도 36.5%에 달해 성인기 여드름이 많은 것을 알 수 있었다. 생활습관과 피부건강상태의 관련성에서, 예민 피부는 흡연과 관련이 있고, 탄력저하피부는 자외선, 여드름피부는 흡연, 단음식, 색소침착피부는 단음식, 자외선과 관련성이있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 20·30대의 화장품사용에 있어서는 연령이 20대인 경우 화장수, 딥 클렌징, 팩(마스크)를 선호하며 30대인 경우는 에센스, 영양크림, 아이크림을 선호하는 것을 알 수 있었다.|With women in their twenties and thirties as the subject this study tried to analyze age-specific skin types and skin health condition, understand the differences between and problems of their age-specific skin condition, and make them right indexes of age-specific skin care. Also, it analyzed the skin health condition of women in their twenties and thirties and its relevance to their life habits, understood their attitudes toward skin care and their actual uses of cosmetics, and used them as the basic material for skin health care. For it, the skin diagnosis and questionnaire survey through skin beauty experts for thirty days from Aug. 16 2005 on by selecting 314 randomly among women in their twenties and thirties living in Seoul reached the following conclusions. First, in types of skin there was a statistically significant difference among age groups as shown in oily skin accounting for the highest percentage of 30.3% in women between 20 and 24, complex skin 40.8% in women between 25 and 29, dry skin 34.6% in women between 30 and 34, and dry skin 55.4% in women between 35 and 39. In skin health condition there was no statistically significant difference among age groups as shown in sharp skin accounting for 48.7% in women between 20 and 24, 28.9% in women between 25 and 29, 33.3% in women between 30 and 34, and 37.5% in women between 34 and 39. For the skin with low elasticity, there was a statistically significant difference among age groups as shown in the percentages of 19.7% in women between 20 and 24, 38.2% in women between 25 and 29, 50.0% in women between 30 and 34, and 59.5% in women between 35 and 39 especially with much occurrence in higher age groups and with as high an incidence as 19.7% in the lowest age group. For the pimpled skin, there was a statistically significant difference among age groups as shown in the percentages of 59.2% in women between 20 and 24, 53.9% in women between 25 and 29, 43.6% in women between 30 and 34, and 36.5% in women between 35 and 39 especially with a high incidence in lower age groups. The pimpled skin accounting for 74.5% in the pimple degree of 1 showed a mild symptom of pimple for women in their twenties and thirties. For pimpled parts, the forehead accounted for the highest percentages such as 30.9% and 27.1% in women between 20 and 24 and in women between 25 and 29, respectively, whereas the areas around the mouth and the chin accounted for the highest percentages such as 38.5% and 40.4% in women between 30 and 34 and in women between 35 and 39, respectively. For the skin with pigmentation, there was a statistically significant difference among age groups as shown in the percentages of 47.4% in women between 20 and 24, 48.7% in women between 25 and 29, 61.5% in women between 30 and 34, and 68.9% in women between 35 and 39 especially with a high incidence in higher age groups. For parts with pigmentation, the area around a cheekbone accounted for the highest percentage of 64.4% in all age groups. For the kinds of pigmentation, there were statistically significant differences among age groups as shown in the percentages of bithmark such as 11.1% in women between 20 and 24, 9.7% in women between 25 and 29, 42.2% in women between 30 and 34, and 72.4% in women between 35 and 39 especially with a high incidence in higher age groups and in the percentages of freckle such as 58.3% in women between 20 and 24, 41.9% in women between 25 and 29, 20.7% in women between 30 and 34, and 23.1% in women between 35 and 39 especially with a high incidence in lower age groups. Secondly, analyzing the skin health condition of women in their twenties and thirties and its relevance to their life habits through a logistic regression analysis showed that the sharp skin of a smoker had approximately 2.0 times as high an incidence as that of a nonsmoker, which was a statistically significant level. For the skin with low elasticity, women in their thirties had approximately 2.0 times as high an incidence as those in their twenties, whereas women receiving UV for three hours or more had approximately 1.6 times as high an incidence as those doing that for less than three hours, which was statistically significant. For the pimpled skin, women in their thirties had approximately 0.6 times as low an incidence as those in their twenties, while a smoker had approximately 2.7 times as high an incidence as a nonsmoker, which was statistically significant. Also, those who liked sweets had approximately 2.3 times as high an incidence of pimple as those who did not like them or who liked them on average, whose statistical significance was observed. For the skin with pigmentation, those who liked sweets had approximately 1.7 times as high an incidence as those who did not like them or who liked them on average, which was statistically significant. Also, women receiving UV for three hours or more had approximately 1.4 times as high an incidence of pigmentation as those doing that for less than three hours, whose statistical significance was observed. Thirdly, for actual use of cosmetics on an age-by-age basis, there was a statistically significant difference as shown in higher age groups with a high ratio of using essence, moisture cream and eye cream every day. In the use of pack(mask), there was a statistically significant difference among age groups as shown in the 'no use' percentages of 13.2% in women between 20 and 24, 17.1% in women between 25 and 29, 28.2% in women between 30 and 34, and 60.3% in women between 35 and 39 especially with higher age groups with a high ratio of not using it. In the use of dip cleansing, there was a statistically significant difference among age groups as shown in the 'no use' percentages of 27.6% in women between 20 and 24, 28.9% in women between 25 and 29, 42.3% in women between 30 and 34, and 59.5% in women between 35 and 39 especially with higher age groups with a high ratio of not using it. Fourthly, for an attitude toward skin care on an age-by-age basis, there was a statistically significant difference among age groups as shown in the 'use of tepid water washing a face' percentages of 25.0% in women between 20 and 24, 53.9% in women between 25 and 29, 59.7% in women between 30 and 34, and 63.0% in women between 35 and 39 especially with higher age groups with a high ratio of using it. In the item for questioning the frequency of using a professional skin care institute, no use by 59.4% of the whole age groups showed that women in their twenties and thirties hardly used the institute. Also, the analysis was made that the women in their twenties and thirties who used cosmetics for skin care accounted for 52.9% in the whole age groups. This study revealed that in the type of skin for women in their twenties and thirties, with increased ages, reduced oiliness and wateriness content in skin increased dry skin rather than oily one. For skin health condition, sharp skin occurring regardless of ages and accounting for 36.8% in the whole age groups showed that it was considerably distributed in each group. For the skin with low elasticity, higher age groups had a high incidence, while in the lower age group consisting of women in their twenties women between 20 and 24 had an incidence of 19.7% and those between 25 and 29 38.2%. For the pimpled skin, lower age groups showed it much, but the group consisting of women in the latter half of their thirties amounting to 36.5% showed that adulthood had a high incidence of pimple. The relevance of life habit to skin health condition indicated that sharp skin was related to smoking, the skin with low elasticity UV, the pimpled skin smoking and sweets, and the skin with pigmentation sweets and UV. The survey of use of cosmetics by women in their twenties and thirties revealed that those in their twenties preferred tonic water, dip cleansing, pack(mask) and that those in their thirties preferred essence, moisture cream and eye cream.