무대 분장의 표현기법에 관한 연구

Abstract

분장은 예술이다. 현대의 분장은 여성들의 미적 욕구를 충족시키는 보조 수단에서 벗어나 전문성을 요구하는 하나의 작품으로 인정받고 있다. 하지만 이것은 외국의 분장 산업에 대한 견해일 뿐 우리나라에서는 아직까지 예술성보다는 하나의 기술 분야로 평가되어지고 있다. 그 예로 교육수준을 들 수 있다. 외국의 현실에 비해 우리나라는 그저 분장을 하는 방법을 가르치는 수준에서 벗어나지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 많은 전문 사설 교육기관들이 있음에도 불구하고 유능한 전문 분장 아티스트들의 교육 참여도가 부족하여 분장의 학문 활동이 제대로 이루어지지 않고 있으며 열악한 교육 자료와 더불어 대부분 경험과 실력이 부족한 사람들로 구성된 강사진들에 의해 미래의 분장 인들이 양성되고 있다는 것이다. 본 논자는 이러한 문제를 토대로 하여 무대분장을 기술적인면만 중요시하는 것을 좀더 깊이 있는 무대분장에 대해 분석하려 한다. 무대분장은 조명 골상학. 색채등에 관해 작품분석이 최우선 되어야 한다. 철저한 작품분석을 바탕으로 배우의 골격과 특징을 잘 파악하여 극중인물의 성격에 맞게 분석한 후 조명에 대해 고려하여 관객들에게 잘 전달되어야 한다. 논자가 직접 감독 지휘했던 분장 작업 상황을 토대로 우리나라에서 쓰이고 있는 무대분장의 표현기법에 대한 특징과 성질을 구체적으로 분석하여 우리나라만의 무대분장이 무엇인가에 대해 알아 볼 수 있는 기회를 마련해 보고자 한다. 더 나아가서 무대분장의 이론적 기반 확립에 도움이 되고자 하며 무대분장의 발전과 더불어 분장의 발전에 전문 분장 아티스트로서의 임무를 다 해 나갈 것이다.|This Study is aimed to analyze special techniques of Stage Make-up. By comparing Stage Make-up with TV Make-up and analyzing several elements, which affect various techniques of Stage Make-up, this researcher theoretically define characteristics of Stage Make-up. As a result of analysis, the following conclusion was made. First of all, Stage Make-up is based on "Exaggeration". In the case of TV Make-up, televiewers can notice subtle expression, which an actor has in his face, because he is usually taken a close-up by camera. Therefore, make-up on TV is usually described realistically. However, Stage Make-up became various in proportion to the distance between viewers and stage because viewers directly see 'the characters in a play without any image equipments and tend to differently notice the change of actors' outward appearances according to the positions which they have. Therefore, Stage Make-up is usually overemphasized and described unnaturally or in abstract terms. In a word, unrealistic make-up can be natural with viewers. far from stage. Secondly, the techniques of Stage Make-up can be different by stage lighting. Stage lighting is generally classified into two types, a glow light and a fluorescent light. Under the glow light, the color of make-up shows strength and smoothness, but, under the fluorescent light, the color show darkness. Also, the color of the stage lighting, have effects on the color of make-up. For example, under yellow lights, yellow make-up color is turned into white, but under purple lights, it is turned into pink. Therefore, in order to exactly describe what the character in a play appear, it is important to check beforehand how the color of make-up used change under the stage lighting. Next, by applying the nature of the hue, diverse character portrayal became possible. For example, yellow has meanings of cheerfulness, liveliness, flippancy, and indifference, so it is possible to describe a sickly person’s skin color by adjusting its brightness and chroma. Also, Red is anger, passion, and zeal, so, it can be used for describing a ruddy person. The last point to be duly considered is a skeletal structure. Such the contour of one’s face, the shape of the eye brow, the eyes, the nose, and the lip, is to vary the expression or the dynamics of the make-up. For instance, if people get old, their skin and muscles are flabby, and their faces are also wrinkled. On the other hand, by losing weight, they become much thinner. This effects is essential for the make-up to be described realistically. When a character is created by make-up, the artists have to grasp the position of the muscles, the 야rection of its movement, the condition of the skin, etc. As a result, these elements have to be applied to the techniques of the make-up. In conclusion, If having skillful techniques is to exactly understand exaggerated expression, the variation of stage lighting, the nature of colors, and the structure of one’s face. Therefore, the artists can correctly reproduce the characters, which an opus aims at, by applying them. to the make-up.