消防財政에 影響을 미치는 決定要因에 관한 實證的 硏究

Abstract

This paper studies the determinants used to estimate and form the social benefits that affect fire-fighting finance. The theory and study on the determinants of fire-fighting finance is incomplete and the studies that estimate the social benefits of the fire service are imperfect. This paper defines each of the convenience factors that affect the beneficiaries of fire extinguishing, rescue, and emergency medical services. The methodology of estimating similar areas is referred to, such as the environment, transportation, and emergency medical services. The economic value of the social benefits of fire services are estimated and analyzed on the impact on fire-fighting finance. With the recent increase in the demand for fire-fighting finance, the expansion of finance to fire-fighting areas from the central government is at issue. This paper analyzes the general grant system and government subsidies that affect the scale of the fire-fighting finance in addition to the financial protection effectiveness as the original purpose of the system. To accomplish these research objectives a regression analysis and relation analysis were done on the second financial data of wide-area local governments for 4 years from 2006 to 2009 managed by the government and the organization. The fire environmental factors were divided into, fire characteristics factors, social benefit factors of fire services, and financial structure in order to analyze the social benefit factors that affect fire-fighting finance. In addition, the influence to reach each factor is analyzed. The hypothesis testing proved that fire-fighting finance is affected comprehensively by various factors. This paper is summarized with the findings and implications as follows. First, the fire environment such as populations, areas, and financial independence affect the scale of fire-fighting finance. The higher the value of the fire environment then the higher the scale of fire-fighting finance is. The scale of fire-fighting finance is shown to have an incremental factor. The fire environment factors that affect fire-fighting finances are significant as shown in previous research are an indirect cause of the fire service needs. Second, the more emergency medical services that are a direct variable of fire administrative and financial needs, then the greater the fire-fighting finance. However, the number of fire extinguishing and fire inspectors rarely affect the scale of fire-fighting finance. As population and the fire object increase, we expected the number of fire and fire inspection to significantly affect fire-fighting finance. Therefore, this study did a statistical analysis, but there was no significant results. It is thought that as the population and fire object increase, the fire-fighting power (firefighter equipment) did not increase. Third, in the social benefits for fire services, it is shown the amount of prevention of income loss and the amount of savings for follow-up treatment in addition to the reduced amount of fire damage significantly affected fire-fighting finance. In addition, it is shown that the higher the value, then the higher the level of fire-fighting finance. It is interpreted that the reduced amount of fire damage due to fire suppression, fire-fighting activities, the amount of savings of follow-up treatment due to rescue, emergency medical services, and the amount of prevention of income loss due to prevention of early death acted as an influence on the increase of expected profit. Fourth, as factors for financial structures in estimating the general grant system and previously limited government subsidies to exclude fire attributes. We analyze the influence of the general grant system, government subsidies, and safety costs to analyze government subsidies that affect the scale of fire-fighting finance. However, all three variables did not show significant meaning. Of the general grant system (because safety cost is an estimated item of standard administration needs) the result that the safety cost did not significantly affect fire-fighting finance cast doubts about the explanation of the estimated fire administration needs for assessing the general grant system. Therefore, this study needs to improve the metrics that require significant financial impact and real social benefits as representative factors. This paper analyzes the impact of social benefits, arranged the impact of disputed several factors, and analyzes them in Korea when determining the scale of fire-fighting finance.