미용사 메이크업 실기시험 평가준거로서의 평가루브릭 개발

Abstract

In the course of preparation for beautician make-up national technical qualification practical test, the necessity of developing evaluation tool was proposed for applicants' curiosity due to lack of knowledge of specific evaluation criteria and evaluation contents and effective education of lecturers. Therefore, this study investigated the perception of the experienced in the field of make-up about the beauticians makeup practical examination through the literature study and the empirical analysis, and developed the evaluation rubric of practical task. Before developing the evaluation rubrics, the perception of the experienced in the field of make-up about the beauticians makeup practical examination was examined. Relation with field practice are; Task 1 of beauty make-up were all highly related with the field practice, Task 1 of make-up by the times was very lowly related, out of sub-tasks of Task 3, Korean dance and ballet were highly related to field practice, but Leopard was not. In addition, the relation with field practice by evaluation items are; base makeup was perceived to be related with field practice at the Task 1, while point makeup such as eye and lip, at the Task 2 and 3. The evaluation rubrics were developed by applying the Delphi technique over two times together with the makeup expert group on the theme of the Task 1 natural makeup, which was related the most highly with field practice. The evaluation rubrics were classified into pre-examination, main examination, and post-examination. In the pre-examination, the dress condition and the work table setting were evaluated as extra factor of demerit mark other than the score. In the main examination, hygiene and work attitude, bass, eyebrows, eyes, cheek and lip were evaluated, and in post-examination, the completeness and the finishing touches were evaluated. It is a specific task evaluation rubrics that describes evaluation criteria for each item and gives scores from the lowest 1 to the highest 5 according to whether or not satisfying the evaluation criteria. The validity of the application of the evaluation rubrics was calculated by Lawshe(1975)'s content validity ratio, and the validity of the application was verified by the make-up expert group after obtaining a reliability of 1.0 and a validity of 0.7 to 1.0. It is desirable that more effective education and reliable evaluation would be made in the process of preparing the beautician makeup practice test through more detailed evaluation items and evaluation contents of the evaluation rubrics, and this study would be a sacrifice on which the beautician make-up national technical qualification practical test could develop to a more valuable and credible qualification test.| 본 연구는 미용사 메이크업 국가기술자격 실기시험을 대비하는 과정에서 구체적인 평가기준과 평가내용을 알지 못함으로 인해 발생하는 응시자들의 궁금증과, 교강사들의 효과적인 교육을 위한 평가도구 개발의 필요성이 제기됨에 따라, 문헌연구와 실증분석을 통한 미용사 메이크업 실기시험에 대한 메이크업 분야 경력자들의 인식을 분석 반영하여 실기과제의 평가 루브릭을 개발하였다. 평가루브릭 개발에 앞서 살펴본 메이크업 분야 경력자들의 미용사 메이크업 실기시험에 대한 인식에서 현장실무 연계성은 1과제 뷰티메이크업 모두 현장실무 연계성이 높았고, 2과제 시대별 메이크업은 매우 낮았으며, 3과제 세부과제중 한국무용, 발레는 현장실무 연계성이 높았으나, 레오파드는 그렇지 않았다. 그리고 평가항목별 현장실무 연계성은 1과제에서 베이스 메이크업을, 2~3과제는 눈, 립과 같은 포인트 메이크업을 현장실무 연계성이 있는 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 평가루브릭은 현장실무 연계성이 가장 높았던 1과제 내츄럴 메이크업을 주제로 메이크업 전문가 집단과 함께 2차에 걸친 델파이기법을 적용하여 개발하였다. 평가루브릭은 사전심사, 본 심사, 사후심사로 분류하여 사전심사에서 복장상태, 작업테이블 세팅을 득점 외 별도 감점요인으로 평가하고, 본 심사에서는 위생 및 작업태도, 베이스, 눈썹, 눈, 치크&립을 평가하며, 사후심사에서는 완성도 및 마무리를 평가하여, 각 항목에 대한 평가기준을 기술하고 평가기준 충족 여부에 따라 최저 1수준~최고 5수준 까지 점수를 부여한 특정과제 평가루브릭이다. 평가루브릭의 활용 타당성은 Lawshe(1975)의 내용타당도 비율로 산출하여 신뢰성 1.0, 타당성 0.7∼1.0을 얻어 메이크업 전문가 집단으로부터 그 활용 타당성을 검증하였다. 본 연구는 평가루브릭의 보다 구체적인 평가항목과 평가내용을 통해 미용사 메이크업 실기시험을 준비하는 과정에서 보다 효과적인 교육과 신뢰도 있는 평가가 이루어져 미용사 메이크업 국가기술자격이 더 가치있고 공신력 있는 자격으로 발전하는 밑거름이 되길 바란다.