老人의 餘暇스포츠 活動이 生活滿足에 미치는 影響硏究

Abstract

This study is what researched under the hypothesis as saying that elderly people's participation in leisure sports activity has positive influence upon life satisfaction or quality of life. There have been many researches centering on elderly people's participation in leisure sports in the meantime. However, there had almost no relationship with variables according to specific participatory type. The purpose of this study was to research into possibility available for increasing elderly people's quality of life by grasping difference between old people's participatory type in leisure sports and life satisfaction, which is core variable, and by closely examining relationship among participatory appearance in leisure sports, participatory type, loneliness, social support, and life satisfaction. In such aspect, this study aimed to discuss as follows. 1. Is there difference between elderly people's life satisfaction and participatory type in leisure sports according to the elderly's socio-demographic characteristics? 2. Is there difference in a sense of loneliness according to the elderly's participatory appearance and type in leisure sports? 3. Is there difference in social support according to the elderly's participatory appearance and type in leisure sports? 4. Is there difference in life satisfaction according to the elderly's participatory appearance and type in leisure sports? 5. Which influence do the elderly's socio-demographic characteristic, loneliness, and social support have upon life satisfaction? To achieve these research tasks, the empirical analysis was performed along with theoretical consideration. As for subjects and scope in data collection, the questionnaire survey was carried out by preparing 500 copies of questionnaire and by selecting 10 places of Senior Welfare Centers where old people in over 65 years old use. The survey region was divided into 6 areas by considering deviation among regions in Seoul Metropolis. As a result of classifying what is useful by collecting questionnaires, 444 cases were arranged. The analytical methods, which were used in this study, were used frequency analysis, reliability analysis, t(F) analysis, ANOVA test, and Duncon post-test, cross tabulation, and multiple regression analysis. The findings of this study are as follows. First, seeing difference by each sub sphere according to the elderly's socio-demographic characteristics, a case by individual-based satisfaction was indicated to have significant difference according to pocket money level, health status, and spouse appearance. Second, seeing the analysis of difference in participatory type in leisure sports according to the elderly's socio-demographic characteristics, the difference was shown in participatory type according to gender, educational level, and spouse appearance. Third, the statistically significant difference was shown in the lack of social relations, which is sub-variable of loneliness, according to the elderly's participatory type in leisure sports. Fourth, the significant difference wasn't indicated both in loneliness and social-relation experience, which are sub-variables, according to the elderly's participatory type in leisure sports. Fifth, the statistically significant difference wasn't shown in sub-variables of social support according to the appearance of participation in leisure sports. Sixth, the individual satisfaction was indicated to have statistically significant difference according to the appearance of the elderly's participation in leisure sports. Seventh, the significant difference wasn't indicated both in individual satisfaction and social satisfaction according to the participatory type in leisure sports. Eighth, variables of having influence upon life satisfaction were indicated to have influence in order of emotional support, health, gender, information-based support, pocket money level, and material support. Especially, the life satisfaction was indicated to be higher in the higher emotional support, in the better health status, in the more in elderly women, information-based support, and pocket money, and in the higher material support. The policy-based implications, which were elicited in this study, are as follows. First, there should be policy-based intervention in order to be formed the development and supply in the elderly leisure sports type. Second, to promote the elderly's life satisfaction, the policy-based consideration and interest are needed such as developing leisure sports proper for the elderly and training leaders. Third, to enhance the elderly's life satisfaction, there will be necessity of developing diverse educational policies and policy-based support available for enhancing social support and easing alienation as well as development in policy in consideration of gender and health status.