「그린라운드」에 대한 우리의 對應方案

Abstract

With the emergence of WTO, globalization and opening of markets have been progressing with increasing speed, and we have come to pursue a more free and fair trade, Meanwhile, as economy integration is being spread, the world is forming a new international economy order, such as the intensification of regionalism. The emergence of WTO holds significance in many aspects. Among them is the fact that it initiaties areas which GATT has dealt with, and WTO will take the initiative in leading these areas. 'Green Round', the multilateral trade negotiation on trade and environment, is making its appearance as a new trade issue, and discussions regarding it is presently becoming a main subject of interest. Thus WTO's direction of discussion is especially important and is expected to affect us deeply in the future. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to analyze the background, prospect, and influence of 'Green Round' and to seek our plan in order to deal with it. Now world economy does not stop at just importing and exporting products, rather it promotes liberal trade in various fields, negotiations following UR(finance, basic communication, shipping service, movement of manpower etc.) are in progress and discussions on "New Round", a new trade topic, is actively taking place, discussions connecting trade and environment are already proceeding in international organizations; they started at the UN and have been going into detail at the OECD. ISO has been making efforts for the standardization of environment management and bringing up questions based on the manufacturing process and method of products (PPMs). Furthermore, cases in which trade restriction measures are taken through international environment agreements have recently increased, becoming a factor of trade barriers, Sanction measures of the climate change agreement, in which there was much argument regarding the '97 Kyoto Protocol, will soon become a reality and point of views of each country will clash, causing the difficult situation to continue, Under this background, WTO established a trade environment committee and, for the pursuit of continuous development, examined the mutual relation between trade measure and environment measure with 10 topics and is dealing with the trade standard supplementary issue. In the future, WTO will solve all problems concerning trade-environment connections through 10 topics. In the future, international environment agreements accompanying trade standards will increase and individual trade restriction measures will also be spread. The possibility of restrictions on manufacturing process and method also should not be overlooked. Therefore, problems following the appearance of 'Green Round' will grow into multilateral standardization efforts with WTO at its lead. Eventually, as it is expected that all kinds of international environment agreements or environment restriction measures of each country will increase due to environmental protection, considering our country's individual structure, domestic industry competition will be weakened and our export will decrease in the shot run. However, in the long run, it may have a positive effect by promoting the development of environment quality within our country. Therefore, we must be able to obtain a positive effect by setting up an effective plan in preparation for the 'Green Round'. In order to do this, we must first establish our basic direction: reinforcement of synthetic diplomacy, improvement of the people's consciousness, establishment of synthetic countermeasure system. More specially, ① improve our international status through reinforcement of environment diplomacy, ② induce environment-friendly consciousness of the people, ③ rearrange structure system through law reorganization or energy conservation and promote development of high technology such as development of purifying technology, etc. We must proceed with these three basic directions with the following details : countermeasures for energy conservation, countermeasures for each environmental policy, and countermeasures for development of an alternative energy plan. In the past, we have experienced internal contraction of economic structure due to insufficient international negotiation measures at the time of UR negotiations. Now 'Green Round', a new negotiation issue, is approaching us. In order to avoid repeating our past mistakes, we must overcome the 'Green Round' not only with the efforts of government but also with the accurate understanding and active efforts of each economic subject.