韓國의 對中國直接投資 擴大 方案에 관한 硏究

Abstract

Overseas direct investment is to transfer the whole assets of an enterprise such as capital which is an advantageous factor, technical power, marketing skills which include product differentiation strategy, and business policies to foreign countries. The result achieved through the analysis of the investment conditions of China is that China is now pushing forward the reformation of its financial system domestically while driving an open-door policy, concentrating on the economic construction, the first goal of the government. The (foreign) open-door policy related to direct investment of China since 1979, covers such matters as the induction of foreign capital, the arrangement of regulations related to direct inverstment, the institutional adjustment of foreign exchange control and the step by step extension of regions to be door-opened. After researching the present condition of foreigners' direct investment, I achieved such results as follows First, 58.7% of all the direct investment was made by jointstock companies, secondly, 62.2% of all was made by Hong Kong and Macao, and thirdly, manufacturing industry took 90.6% of all investment. A large percentage of investment in China is small-scale and therefore its amount is less than 1 million dollars toward the regions like Bal-Hae gulf(50%) and three departments of north-east (38.0%). In 1992, its amount invested greatly jumped up to 2 hundred millions and 1.361 dollars for 269 cases. This shows that China has become the greatest investing country of Korea in terms of a single standard, and it is expected that much more investment will be made in the future. The conflict between the central government and the local departments brought about the power-decentralizing policy such as the right to export and import, and the right to induce investment. In this process, the controlling power of the central government became weakened, and, to secure the financial income of local departments, protective measures which include the restriction of product-selling of local departments are being applied. As I stated above, the act of investment in China, a socialist country not only risks business troubles of various kinds, but also must be made under supervision. For that reason, comprehensive measures have to be taken to cope with the official or unofficial change of situation. Besides, Korea needs to secure stabilized marketing base in China together with the acceleration of structural adjustment of national industry. In an effort to adjust the structure of national industry, sequential promotion of investment in China should start with the marginal industry which is getting comparative disadvantage. And, domestic demand-oriented investment is supposed to be increased to secure the stabilized marketing base in China.