地域社會福祉 增進을 爲한 民間資源活用 戰略에 관한 硏究

Abstract

The most important requirements for the development of social welfare may be development and use of welfare resources. In particular, the requirements seem to be most essential under the current economic crisis, which may act to limit nation's welfare resources. In other words, developing the private welfare resources becomes relatively more important. On the other hand, the establishment of the local autonomous administration system brings about great changes in local administration services; local administrations struggle to avoid the intervention from the central government. As the age of localization comes to be in a full bloom, it is expected that local administrations will focus more on people's welfare, which means that the local welfare will be the primary goal of the local administrations. Of course, private welfare resources account for a larger portion of the local welfare. With such basic conceptions in mind, this study was aimed at using the private resources in order to promote the local welfare. To this end, emphasis was put on reform of the private social welfare resources such as social welfare consultative body, social welfare fund, volunteer service system and people's participation. In addition, strategic approaches to the private resources were reviewed. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; First of all, institutional framework needs to be constructed. It is urgently required to enact such legal frameworks as "Local Community Welfare Code" designed to use the private resources for local welfare and "Volunteer Service Code" to activate the volunteer activities. Furthermore, private resources may well be mobilized effectively through reform of the social welfare service delivery system, and local administration heads may be authorized by various social welfare codes to link the public resources with the private ones and invite relevant organizations and citizens to participate in their local social welfare system. On the other hand, since the current "Fund Raising Control Code" regulates any fund-raising activities of civic groups very strictly, it should be urgently abolished at the moment when the social activities become transparent with citizen's enhanced awareness. Rather, the code should be replaced by a code encouraging civic groups to be actively engaged in fund raising. Second, community spirit needs to be enhanced. The private resources should be voluntarily mobilized by the private sector after all. To be so, every citizen is requested to be more aware of the social welfare, departing from their egoistic attitude. In this context, social activists and campaign organizers are expected to play a more positive and active role in awakening people of the community spirit. Third, the "social welfare consultative bodies" needs to be reinstated. In Korea, social welfare consultative bodies are linked with each other in diverse ways. There are various religious groups and citizens' organizations even at the level of county welfare hall activities. Therefore, it will be necessary to recruit the social welfare specialists more, while constructing an information network to promote the information exchanges. In other words, consultations and coordinations need to be reinforced centering around these social welfare consultative bodies and a joint fund-raising program be designed. In short, it is essential to reorganize the diverse social welfare bodies into a systematic cooperative network. On the other hand, it is necessary to recruit more professional manpower by improving their treatment, and thereby, mandate them to develop more efficient local welfare programs and private resource mobilization plans and thereby, encourage citizens to participate in the programs or plans. Fourth, the private human resources or volunteers should be invited. To be so, a center should be established which links the demands with the supplies of volunteer services per region. Almost every community has local welfare halls (general welfare hall, youth welfare hall, elderly's welfare hall, handicapped people's welfare hall, etc.,) as well as schools and hospitals. These facilities may demand or supply volunteer services. Besides, we should not overlook the role of "dong" office. Recently, "dong" offices began to expand their services from administration to local people's welfare services. Hence, "dong" offices can play a role of the center linking the demands with the supplies of volunteer services. Only when social welfare specialists are deployed at "dong" offices, however, a more systematic and efficient volunteer services will be delivered via proper P.R. and reward system. Lastly, fund raising activities need to be reinstated. Any organization needs financial resources if it can be engaged in any activity. In order to help private welfare organizations engaged in their activities, it will be necessary to decontrol their fund raising activities. As Japan does, our government should deduct any donation from taxation to encourage people to donate more to public funds. Of course, fund raising programs should be operated in a transparent and fair way. Furthermore, in order to raise the fund in a more systematic way on a continual basis, it will be necessary to design an effective fund raising marketing strategy. First of all, the target of funding should be determined, and approach to the prospective donators be designed in a professional way. Moreover, the donator list should be well managed to honor them appropriately. All these and other points should be reviewed and designed by fund-raising marketing specialists. In conclusion, using the private resources for local welfare means complementing the poor public resources with the private resources. In this regard, the government is requested to use the private resources more positively. Of course, the government should not sit back, leaving its responsibility to the private sectors. Ultimately, the government is responsible for nation's welfare.