정보화사회에 있어 사회복지관 조직 효과성 제고방안

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze, in an age of in formation, how social welfare organizations are responding to the changes of this age, how the structure of the social welfare center(SWC) is adapting, and then to suggest what can be the right course for effective organization management using the various informational sources. In this study, several articles, periodic and non-periodic journals, many dissertations, and the publications of the public institutions are used as the basic materials for the theoretical approach. This study uses next three methods; First, the survey of the documents and results of the preceding research on the social welfare organization in the information society. Second, the analysis of how SWC as one of the social welfare organizations works in this information society, focused on varied examples from Japan, United States, and England. Third, concluding the results of the research on contemporary currents in social welfare organizations and other present organizations with group variables in organization theory. The methods for promoting the organization effectiveness concerning the main variables - such as the leadership, solving conflicts, and determining major policies - can be summarized as follows. First, leadership in the system of SWC is a specific quality for each organization. Since entering the information society, the notion, limit of responsibility and style of leadership have had a tendency to be leveled and decentralized and moved toward the various group members. Thus, the leadership must be regarded not as an authority but as a part of a role. In the information society, for the organization effectiveness, the leadership in SWC can be divided into the two categories. One is the director's of SWC who leads the whole members of the organization and the other is the social workers' who manage only the human resources. This difference leads to the results that while the careful concern, understanding ability and supports are required for the director, swiftness, proficiency and positive view are needed for the social workers who manage directly the human resources like clients and volunteers, For this reason, both of the director and social workers must be educated and trained continuously in other to use their abilities efficiently in the right situations. In addition, the bureaucratic system of from the high to the low rank must be changed into the democratic and self-controlling system of from the low to the high. In other words, the government-oriented system should be abolished and SWC must have another alternative for finding its problems and then solving them for itself. Second, SWC itself is not so different from other organizations in that it is just another kind of human service organization having conflicts among the members. These conflicts usually arise due to the difference of positions. They can be classified into three types; the conflict between a director and social workers, between social workers themselves, and between social workers and related organizations. It is the leveling and decentralizing of power, which are able to make each position differentiated from others, and which are the prominent features of the information society, that can reduce these kinds of problems. The use of network and conflicts-solving programs must be accompanied for cooperating atmosphere as well. In the process of the use of the information, the unbalanced distribution of the information between SWC and related organization can cause some conflicts to occur. If SWC has plentiful information, it is more easy for SWC to contact with social resources in the community. In other words, the amount of information SWC has can have a direct influence on managing it. Therefore, great emphasis must be given to collecting and selecting the information. But we also keep it in mind that overdependence on the information produces the unexpected side-effects disturbing the development of the community Finally, it can have a greater effect on the decision-making than anything else to collect and sort the information. Network makes it possible for SWC to be connected with community closely. That means SWC comes to understand the distinctive features of some community, and, therefore, it can deal with the various problems which arise within the community members swiftly and exactly. This process will result in the voluntary participation of the members in decision-making, and then, the chance of making the most human resources in the community will be extended. Opening electric forum, or managing electric bulletin board is a efficient method for deriving the active participation of the community members as well. The highly specialized organization in the information society can be small in size, but it must be able to extended to the wide range of works through network to cooperate with and compete against others. If SWC takes advantage of this information network as the use of advertisement efficiently, then it will be able to provide greater services to the members such as one-step service that the customer get a variety of services with just one visit. The nation's policies and aids can be helpful more than anything else in developing this service system. At the same time, the director and social workers should try to equip themselves with special ability for selecting and collecting information. For promoting the organization effectiveness, SWC is required to adapt and respond to the swift changes toward the information society. Moreover, the wide range of supports from the related organizations will enable SWC to contribute to improve the quality of life within the community.