障碍人 職業再活 政策의 改善方案 硏究

Abstract

Handicapped people do not enjoy the fundamental human rights to meet their social needs through a whole-personality education due to the indifference of government and society, and as a result, their physical and mental capacity is being lost. Handicapped people's problems become a social issue rather than personal ones. Hence, the government is requested to design various supporting and rehabilitation programs for the handicapped people. Among them, the vocational rehabilitation programs are essential because they can support the handicapped people in economic, social and psychological ways. In this regard, the vocational rehabilitation programs for the handicapped people should be designed to develop handicapped people's potential to a maximum degree and return them as independent human beings to the workplace. It is no exaggerating to say that such programs are most essential in integrating our society. Unfortunately, however, the conventional or uniform vocational rehabilitation programs are not sufficient to maximize handicapped poople's vocational rehabilitation. Under such circumstances, this study is aimed at reviewing the theoretical grounds for handicapped people's vocational rehabilitation and thereupon, analyzing our reality and addressing the problems to find their solutions, The results of this study can be summarized as follows; First, in order to make a maximum use of the community resources such as ordinary vocational training and educational facilities and thereby, train the handicapped People effectively and in an integrating way, it is necessary to select the candidate trainees properly and thereby, establish an efficient training system. Second, the number of the training areas is too small for the handicapped people to select an appropriate one and most of the training areas require manual works. As a result, the severely handicapped people cannot well use such programs. In Korea, the handicapped people have been trained by the rehabilitation programs designed for them, being separated from the ordinary vocational programs. In other word, handicapped peole are being trained at the vocational rehabilitation centers which provide for a limited number of training areas. Third, it is deemed necessary to arrange an effcient system forcing the employers to recruit the handicapffd people trained at the rehabilitation centers. The welfare administrative institutions for the handicapped poople are rehabilitation counselling centers, welfare centers for the handicapped people, hospitals and other private organizations, while handicapped pecple are taken care of by such institutions as job stabilization centers under Ministry of Labor, Ilsan Vocational School, Industrial Disaster Medical Center operated by Labor Welfare Corporation, various medical centers including Kyonggi Rehabilitation Center, various delivery facilities and protective factories. In addition, it is deemed essential to establish a comprehensive professional vocational rehabilitation system. To this end, such professionals for the handicapped people as vocational counsellors, vocational teachers, job counsellors, job capacity assessors and job guides should be fostered to allow the handicapped people to be effectively trained and recruited. Fourth, in case a handicapped person wants to establish a company, the Handicapped People's Employment Promotion Corporation subsidizes the establishment on a mortgage. However, it is required for the corporation to finance the operation cost of handicapped people's workplace on no mortgage until they can pay the operation cost and their minimum wage. The reality is that healthy people account for the absolute majority of the self-owned workplaces, while the handicapped people are trained to be employed by ordinary, protective or rehabilitation workplaces. Such a uniform and vintage policy should be replaced with more flexible ones. On the other hand, according to Article 16 of "Handicapped People's Employment Promotion and Job Rehabilitation Code", handicapped people's new businesses are financed. However, it is deemed essential to provide for such services as counselling, market surey, advice, development of business technology, etc., given the fact that most of handicapped people's workplaces cannot afford to pay the minimum wage. So, it is also necessary to finance the operation costs of such workplaces. Fifth, in order to end the discrimination in employment of the handicapped people as in the United States, it is required to arrange some specific ordinances, while such a discrimination should be remedied through administrative appeal or civil proceeding. To be more specific, specific provisions should be coded so that the handicapped people may not be discriminated in terms of employment, promotion and other working conditions, and so that any discrimination may be effectively remedied through administrative appeal or civil proceeding. Without such an effective code, we cannot expect that the employment of the handicapped people will be expanded.