우리나라 地方行政階層構造 再構築 方案에 관한 연구

Abstract

This topic deals with our problems of local administration tier structure and its re-establishment alternatives. Main purposes of this research are : First, understanding the problems of which occurs from our local administration tier structure. Second, finding out desirable direction which can improve the problem of local self-governing tier and administrational tier structure. There are two kinds of tier structure which are single-tier system and multi-tier system. In multi-tier system, local government which contact with residents based on smallest region is called basic unit of local government and wide area government which locates in between central government is called intermediate unit of local government or wide area government. Korean local administrational tier structure has complicated three step tier structure city·do - city·koon·ku - yop·myun·dong and has many problems accordingly. The results of analysis of the problems are administrational inefficiency due to the tier number, communication barrier between administration tier structure, dual administration and unclear responsibility whereabouts, unreasonable dual structure of wide area administration, residents confusion due to administrational tier specification and conflict between wide area government and basic unit of local government. To solve these problems, three ideas, which are three administrational structure, two administrational structure and single administrational structure, have been analyzed. As a result of analysis, single-tier which based on basic unit of city·koon·ku local government has been selected. Because this idea can create economical effectiveness after integration of local administration tier into sing-tier system. Scale economy can be confirmed clearly when increasing one more unit of production unit decreases the cost of production of public service unit or without increase of average cost of production, quality of service is increased or both are possible. It has been recognized that preparing integrated supply system is profitable in economical aspect when the scale economy exists because individual public service fee like tax or user charge could be decreased in single-tier system area. Also the basic reason of making basic unit of local government into city·koon·ku is that our current administrational local scale is larger than foreign countries so extension phenomenon seems to be more suitable to current residents life zone, traffic zone, and administration zone. The theoretical background of single-tier system based on basic unit of local government, city·koon·ku explains that activation of local government system increases participation of residents in local politics, administration in aspect of settlement and growth of local government. The competition between basic unit of local governments results improvement of public service quality and cost saving. According to the research of Schneider, it is known that increase rate of local budget of classified big city area is much lover than integrated city area after the control of service quality and condition. Also activation of local government promotes multi-tier system phenomenon of large city in progress and can act as a catalyst of balanced local development. Multi-tier system cam minimize the congestion of city shortening removal distance, and balanced local development improves and equalizes financial ability of local administration. After the progress of this multi-tier system phenomenon, basic unit of local government and life zone can be connceted. In conclusion, the alternatives of our re-establishment on local administrational tier system are : First, as a short term alternative, current sub-administrational system yup·myun·dong·ri should be disused gradually. Second, as a middle and long tern alternative, limit and transfer the function of wide area government special-city·wide-area-city·do to city·koon·ku administrational tier gradually. In case of special city or wide area city, integration and disuse of a couple of special city or wide area city should be made continuing with existing method because its incapable to control the function in aspect of specialty and operation of wide area administration Third, the local autonomy law should be revised to prevent creation of tier system. There is an article about new creation of administrational tier on current local autonomy law and the revision of this article is required.