리더십 類型과 心理的 임파워먼트, 職務滿足 및 組織沒入間의 關係에 관한 硏究

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine whether it be proper and practical for "Transformational leadership theory" to apply the police organization in Korea. For this study, it analyzed the relationship between the leadership styles of police chief and empowerment, job satisfaction, organizational commitment of the subordinate police officer. The 600 police officers who were training in the Police Comprehensive Academy were randomly selected to be surveyed and the 476 copies from the collected 513 questionnaires were analyzed. This study conducted the review of theoretical background by the literature research and the statistical analysis through SPSS 12.0 statistics program. The frequency analyses were obtained in order to find general character of the repliers and factor-analysis was obtained to prove reliability. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was obtained to find confidence. In order to prove effects of the variable, correlation analysis, multiple-regression analysis were performed. The result of the test of hypothesis is as follow. 1) Transformational leadership and Transactional leadership have influence on job satisfaction of the subordinate police officers. However, the size of influence on job satisfaction of Transactional leadership was larger than Transformational leadership. 2) Transformational leadership and Transactional leadership of police chief have positive influence on organizational commitment of the subordinate police officer and Transformational leadership had larger influence than Transactional leadership. And as a result of verification that divide the organizational commitment to the normative organizational commitment and affective organizational commitment, Transformational leadership had positive influence on the normative organizational commitment, however, there was not any significant influence on the affective organizational commitment. Transactional leadership, conversely, had positive influence on the affective organizational commitment, while there was not any significant influence on the normative organizational commitment. 3) Transactional leadership of police chief has positive influence on the empowerment of subordinate police officers. However the influence of Transformational leadership on the empowerment of subordinate police officer is not verified statistically. 4) The empowerment of police officer has statistically positive influence on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. 5) And it is showed that there is the positive mediatorial effect of empowerment when Transformational leadership and Transactional leadership of police chief impacts on the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of subordinate police officer. As a result of this study, the implications are as follow. At first, both of Transformational leadership and Transactional leadership of police chief have positive influence on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. However, the difference of influence is not much. In addition, Transformational leadership showed less influence than Transactional leadership on the job satisfaction. And Transactional leadership showed positive influence on the empowerment but it was impossible to find influence for the Transformational leadership. Those results are possibly showed by the analysis limitations due to the analysis scale or target etc. but it is not coincided with the "Transformational leadership theory " of Bass that "Transformational leadership shows the performance that beyond all expectations compared with Transactional leadership." and it has the limitation for this theory to apply to the korea police organization just as it is. It is regarded that the characteristic of the police organization which puts stress on the strict hierarchy and the concerted command system are reflected. Accordingly, these characteristics should be considered for the study of the desirable leadership style of the korea police organization. Additionally, the influence of Transformational leadership and Transactional leadership on the affective organizational commitment and the normative organizational commitment are separately differed. Therefore, to enhance the organizational commitment of the police officer, the police chiefs should strengthen both the affective organizational commitment by Transactional leadership and the normative organizational commitment by Transformational leadership, simultaneously.

Keyword: transformational leadership, transactional leadership, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and empowerment.