國民學校 敎師의 敎師觀과 指導性에 關한 硏究

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to make a research and analysis of the theory of human relations to inquire into what relationship the teacher-view of the elementary school teachers and their leadership have, attempt to investigate the difference in the teacher-views of the elementary school teachers in accordance with their background factors, and the difference in the types of leadership in accordance with their background factors, and finally clarify what correlation their teacher-views and their types of leadership have. The content of study were as follows : Firstly, a theoretical analysis made of the human-view suggested in the theory of human relations. Secondly, an inquiry made into the teacher-view of the elementary school teachers in accordance with their background factor. Thirdly, an inquiry made into the type of leadership of the elementary school teacher, according to their background factor. Fourthly, an inquiry made into the correlation between their teacher-views and their types of leadership. To attain this purpose, a research study was made of them based on the literature study, and then both the analysis and test were made of the finding, In the method of study, the elementary school teacher in the Metropolitan area was adopted as the object of this research. An effort was made to make the background factors of the elementary school teachers appear balanced in the sampling method. And the subjects of this study were intended for 121 male teachers and 179 female teachers. Two kinds of questionnaires were used as the measuring tool. The first was to remodel and then use the teacher-view measuring questionnaire so that the questionnaire used in the earlier studies might fit the purpose of this study. The other was to use as the questionnaire for this study Halpin's Leader Bahavior Description Questionnaire(L.B.D.Q) used in the earlier studies. In data processing, statistical methods such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were applied to the difference in teacher-view and the type of leadership between both groups in accordance with their background factors. Pearson's product-moment correlation was used to inquire into the correlation between their teacher-views and their types of leadership. The findings of study obtained through the above process are as follows : Firstly, in point of the teacher-view of the elementary school teacher the t value on the X-typed teacher-view and Y-typed teacher-view was 96.307. There were many elementary school teachers with the X-typed teacher-view in that there was a very significant difference at a level of p=0.0001. When an attempt was made to inquire into the teacher-view of the elementary school teachers by their background factor for the purpose of their more concrete inquiry, it was revealed that there was not a statistically significant difference between their X-typed teacher-view and their Y-typed teacher-view in accordance with sex, the foundation of the school, the location of the school, and the number of classes in service. This indicates that there is not the difference in their teacher-view irrespective of their sex, and what area and what school are they working in. But, the findings, obtained by their age and career of teaching profession showed that the teacher of older age and higher career had a negative X-typed teacher-view more than the teacher of younger age and lower career. In contrast, the teacher of younger age and lower career had a positive Y-typed teacher-view more than the teacher of older age and higher career, namely, the teacher of older age and higher career held the task-oriented type of leadership more than the teacher of younger age and lower career. On the other hand, there was not a significant difference in the human harmony-oriented type of leadership. But, the teacher of younger age and lower career never had a human harmony-type of leadership more than the teacher of older age and higher career. Thirdly, in the relationship between their teacher-view and type of leadership, the Y-typed teacher-view much held by the elementary school teacher showed a negative correlation with the task-oriented type of leadership with a significant difference at a level of p= 0.01.