敎師들이 知覺한 敎育自治制에 관한 硏究

Abstract

The local educational autonomy in our country can be said to have been enforced to now since the 1945 liberation. Although it has a relatively long history, our educational autonomy is to be said to have been enforced formally in a condition of not enforcing local autonomy before it was revised. According to the request of the times and people's desire, educational autonomy with local autonomy was also amended in 1991 and the new system of educational autonomy has been enforced from then to now. So, this study intends to investigate the right direction and the plan of improvement for the system of educational autonomy by examining how teachers recognize educational autonomy as the local educational autonomy' is enforced. This study applied to the male and female teachers serving in elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools in Kwangju city. The questionnaires were distributed to them and then gathered. And using the SPSS(statistical package for the social sciences) program, the study examined the meaningful level between each group by X² test(Chi-square test) of the difference between groups. The results of the study are summarized as following. First, in the enforcement of the system of educational autonomy, the election of members of a local school board is necessary. The election of them is desired to be elected directly by the teachers in that city or province than by the assembly of a wide area and it is recognized they are to be elected by the ratio of population. And it is perceived that the present system of educational autonomy is not a independent legislative organ but a mandatory one. The reason of this is believed as following: the basic principle is violated by enforcing the educational autonomy of a wide area but not that of a small one: and the law about the present educational autonomy has many constraints. Second, the election of the superintendent of education is also required not by the electional way by a local school board but by the direct election by the teachers in that city or province. And that of the vice superintendent of education is more desired to be elected by the educational superintendent's recommendation in a local school board than to be appointed by President. This shows most of teachers recognize that the past electional way checks the independence and autonomy of the educational administration and that these have an intention to control education and matters in terms of personnel and administrative hierarchy with the superintendent and the vice superintendent of education. Third, teachers have generally recognized that a lot of autonomy must be guaranteed in a local school board with considering the peculiarity of a country unless the power of a local school board violates public interests and the law. Then many constraints about the power of a local school board is specified as the laws in the local autonomous body or the education department in that city or province. Fourthly, they have recognized that the finances of the body of local educational autonomy must be supported within the scope of national budget but the autonomy which will make up, operate and execute a budget with the local educational character must be assigned. Fifthly, they have believed that the autonomy and independence must be guaranteed in order to deal with the local educational administration according to the population's thought by revising resolutely the article of the centralized control in the education department and also that the real educational autonomy will be accomplished only when the political neutrality in education is ensured.