전원주택의 입지 및 주거환경에 대한 풍수지리학적 연구

Abstract

Garden House is a deurban mode of residence emerging from the process in which the middle class in Korean large cities explored ideal living location and environment at the end of the 20th century. Since it appeared in Korean society in the 1980s, it has been on the explosive increase so far. Its phenomenon and a discourse on it will be much more active in the future than until now, and it will establish itself as an important mode of residence in Korean society in the 21st century. However, no academic methodology is presented about its location and living environment, which results in inappropriate selection of location and siting of building in the field. An analysis showed that they damaged its living environment. This thesis presented a methodology for selecting its location and siting its building by applying the theories of feng-shui to its location and living environment(interior and housing environment). The findings are as follows. The theories applicable to establishing its location and good living environment are the theory of location selection and the theory of building siting in feng-shui. Their appropriateness is explored as follows. First, the theory of location selection says that a housing site has stable geological structure, good windscreen by the four mountains left and right of a mountain and before and behind it, and proper wetness. The site with hard ground blocking a rattling wind well protects its residents from natural disaster such as ground subsidence, landslide or storm and flood damage. Besides, it has no geomagnetist disturbance, enables man to lead a healthy life due to the high pressure formed in the region, and natural environment around it(a mountain, a field, water and etc.) provides him with clear water, clean air and visual comfort. Secondly, the theory of building siting is much helpful to creating good living environment(interior and housing environment). The siting such as a lake in the front and a mountain in the back helps man to block a cold northwest wind in winter and accept a cool south wind in summer. It also supplies man with good sunshine, ventilation and drainage and also with suitable height and distance for flood. Also, a wind from the lower water's edge increases the pressure of the air in the house and forms high pressure in it, and controlled local climate produces mildness. A low front and high back type of siting provides man with a sense of psychological stability and self-confidence by enabling him to secure openness and prospect. The house located at a higher place than a road furnishes him with good drainage and protects him from all sorts of polluted air and bacteria occurring in it. A narrow front and wide back type of siting organically siting a houseunites building space with natural space around it by playing the role as mediated space(buffer space), and protects an individual's privacy to some extent. A good plane form of a building improves rotation of air, resonance of space, and sound of space, which leads to good interior environment. A vertically long type of site is good for siting a house at the time of building it, while a triangular site not only brings those looking at it a sense of uneasiness and a psychological effect of nervousness but also is bad for siting a building. A window facing south in the topography with sea in the south accepts hot sunlight and a touch of sea simultaneously, whereas an opening facing west in the topography with a mountain in the west accepts a touch of mountain and a west wind simultaneously. Like it, the air in a building depends on the direction an opening faces. Thus, interior atmosphere, that is, interior environment and the spiritual and physical effect on those living in it depend on a touch of the direction for buildings with the same area. Safety, healthiness and comfortableness should be shared by primary location factors for Garden House in the aspect of natural environment and the living environment for the house. It is because the house is a mode of residence for those who wish to maintain a healthy and safe life in good natural environment. If so, both the theories as examined in the above are good to present as a methodology of location selection and architecture for the house. Feng-shui is one of the arts about siting and placing and facing. It is based on the world view of establishing ideal life environment, finding it out and creating one's desirable place of residence in it. So to speak, it is a theory of systematizing the ideas about good land, good environment and good residence with ideal conditions. It is possibly natural for it to be fit for selecting the location of the house and establishing its good living environment.