장차전 양상을 고려한 특수전부대 역할 및 교육훈련 체계에 관한 연구

Abstract

Nowadays, most of the countries in the world have Special Operation forces and the size of special force is meant to be bigger as the country has strong strength in military. This is due to the fact that the future warfare phase will be either to protect a profit of ones own country or to solve a local area quarrel rather than an all-out attack using conventional weapons or strategic weapons. The importance of Special force that is highly specialized and extensively ready for solving situation- grows as the aspect of war changes as well as the safety of mankind is no longer secure from drug, terror and such like vital crimes. Therefore, various countries compete in building up the potential of special force while they aim to have psychological controlling effect of an imaginary enemy by advertising the necessity and the activity of the special force. In the Gulf War, United States' Special Force carried out a special separate operation while they recognize the situation of its enemy using GPS receiver and image receiving equipment. This operation, which collected and reported the information of the war field before the war began by invading Iraq through land and air, contributed greatly to the command center of Multilateral Force in establishing operation plan and making precise information judgment. Also the operation made a precise guidance of Aircraft firepowerin air strike by acquiring main target, for example, Squad Missile. Above all, the operation rendered great services m place of absences of manmade satellites and reconnaissance flight in abnormal weather. Moreover, over nine thousands men of special force were required in the last Iraq war-that is three times more of the number of the special force required in the Gulf War- and this proves the necessity of the special force thus its size naturally gets lager. Future plan of Special Forces operational Detachment that can effectively deal the change in war circumstances of the 21st century is compulsory. In this aspect, this thesis aims to draw up a plan military training system accompanying the duty of Republic of Korea Special force based on an outlook of future war and external threat that changes in sense of times. This thesis referred to bibliographies and treatises published by several research institutions of all the countries of the world. Also it has used a technical method of study in which several theses and contents of seminars were analyzed. Fiscal Year is simultaneously considered the latent threat of the future and North Korea and classified into 5 sections of military unit structure, organization, doctrine, and weapon system, formulation of development of Special Warfare unit and Special Warfare Training Group Training System by considering the war-development element. However, the principal object of the research still based on the operating notion of the future Special Warfare unit and connecting future planning document system within the senior unit. Especially, this thesis focused on developing training system of the SWTG. Looking at the matter of R.O.K.S.F, there are restrictions in carrying out missions according to each mission type due to the fact that all the units under the name of Special Force have similar unit structure and the development of military operations both in time of peace and in time of war and the military training are restricted as special Force of each army, navy and air force are under separatecommand system in time of peace and Combined Unconventional Warfare Task Force is only established in time of war. Also, the principle of fundamentaltheory of union and concerted operations still leaves much to be desired. Most of the structure of the war capacity is a traditional type thus triteness is concerned even though it is partially being reinforced. Therefore, it is essential to reform the Special force Unit in contradiction to ground troops supproting function, Special duty function, Special fatal function and T.G.O. function that are expected in our future. Also, C4IC system has to be developed by operating the special force, which is decentralized into each army, navy and air force, together in order to maximize the effect of combat power and the matter of establishing 'Joint Special Operations Task Force', should be considered as a long-term matter. In the dogma respect, Special Operations for achieving missions and parts in the expected foresight war, development of special operation dogma of counter plan for demilitarized threat, of Local Provocation Counter Operations and of Multinational Operations＆Korean Special Operations have to be carried out. In the weapon system respect, the command control and communication system have to promote constructing entire military network as well as supplying 'Link up multi function Satellites' and 'Air to Ground Communication Radio set' to every echelon while the information system introduces special operation- situation controller in order to construct automotive handling system, to collect combat information and to spread real time information. Also maneuver system has to secure aircrafts and ships by which individual infiltration can be guaranteed. Training has to be developed so that joint special operations, ROK/US joint and combined special operation can be performed insuccess. We have to scrupulously prepare concerted/joint operations that are enforced 2～4 times a year under the KOR/US joint defense system. Thus we can acquire indirect experiences and develop the special warfare system by conversing it into our own. Especially, in order to cultivate special warfare personnel of talent, the role of SWTG is extremely important. Any and every thing undergoesa great change by how it began at the first place. Likewise special warfare personnel could become talented personnel according to how they were trained in the first place. Hence the directions of SWTG to success development may be as follow; First of all, special warfare personnel has to cultivate A-Team Spirit and mind so that they can always achieve missions no matter how hard the missions would be. Since A-team carries out tasks by infiltrating into enemy's zone, it is hard to execute mission ssuccessfully when lack of tenacious mind. Secondly, Survival train has to be strengthened. As A-Team performs tasks in deep operation area, they lack of ammunition, equipment and supplies after some period. Therefore, in order to subjugate this matter it is essential to have enriched survival train. Specialized instructor for systematic train and extended period of train for each course have to be guaranteed. The current training period of each course only allows so little of time to achieve the abilities of nighttime task operation. It is therefore hard to execute missions, requinng skilled abilities, with a foundation level train. Thirdly, a cycle of repeated training has to be constituted by establishing a combat training center. Even though training grounds are indispensable requisitesin maximizing combat power, there are too many hurdles to overcome in building up training grounds for A-team train. This is because either a superficial measure of land, a defense budget or a change of society environment is restricted. Therefore to solve the above matter A-team combat training center has to be built and train should be carried out hereby. Fourth, training programs according to the phase of future war has to be researched and educated on a right period. Our current training program stays at a low level of analyzing achievements yearly and either adding or deleting subjects. This program leads to a situation whereby the research of training program cannot keep up-to-date to future force structure change and future war aspect. Fifth, men of talent have to be given opportunities to take over-sea A-team train. Although, at SWTG, a lot of efforts are put into effect to develop doctrine, there is need of participating A-team progress of other advanced states and making what we have learnt to our own. Therefore, selecting talented special force men and granting them a chance of completing education of abroad A-team train will enhance training programs if they were used as instructors of SWTG. Lastly, unconventional warfare force train has to be intensified. At the present time, several countries put Unconventional Warfare Forces in practice accordingly to the real situation of the countries and the purpose of war in order to solve the matter under a special situation whereby conventional warfare is hard to be operated. The unconventional Warfare Forces of A-team was the motive of US army ending the Afghanistan war in victory without any help from RA (regular army) In conclusion, considering the future war aspect, A-team carries out special train by means of illegal in comparison with Conventional Warfare Operation. Varieties of operations have to be carried out as infiltrating into deep enemy area by equippedspecial command and achieving operationa1＆ strategic mission by decentralizing the power into a small scale. Thus, combat power and strategy; retentive physical strength and mental strength that correspond to the line of duty have to be educated systemically.