한미동맹과 자주성에 관한 연구

Abstract

Korea has overcome the geopolitic feature and the NK threat. Also Korea has accomplished security to survive and flourish among the great powers thru ROK-US alliance. Korea has increase a request of self-reliant and equality relations between ROK-US as the result of economic growth, increasing military power and people's awareness shift. In this study, I studied following three fields concerning ROK-US Alliance and Self-reliance to take a major role in Korea and alliance relations The first thing is relationship between ROK-US Alliance and self-reliance. According to the Exchange-alliance model of security and self-reliance, a weak nation guarantee a security instead of raising a mortgage on one' s self-reliance. Korea has yielded their self-reliance instead of guaranteeing the national security against NK threat from cold war era to the present time in ROK-US relations. For example, OPCON at wartime, the US Forces stationed in Korea and unequality of SOFA. These yielded stuffs has been the causes of born US-ROK Alliance asymmetry. However, The voice of self-reliance has been louder as the cause of Korean military-economic growth and people's public opinion shift , also US can't help reestablishing the ROk-US alliance relations as the causes of strategy change in Northeast Asia. All of these stuffs show us that both of countries are attempt to approach a mutual/reciprocal relations. The second thing is "what is the major cause of contrast between ROK-US alliance and self-reliance?". The major cause is asymmetry between the great power and the weak nation at the point of ROK-US relations in this study. The national strength gap of ROK-US and one side aides about security problem cause a asymmetric ROK-US relations and trouble in alliance. The third thing is "How can pursuit self-reliance with ROK-US alliance kept?" ROK-US has been advanced as the self-reliance and an era had been changed. It seems that ROK-US relations has been changed the challenging phase as the time passed by, and sometimes both of countries have been expanded and improved collaboration contents and formality. Korea has utilized the ROK-US alliance in the direction of enhancing self-reliance and self-control in a security and defense policy. First of all, the direction that pursuit self-reliance in ROK-US alliance is redeeming the wartime OPCON. Policymaker must secure the security against NK threat thru reestablishing combined defense system until redeeming the wartime OPCON. Second, they reestablish the status of US Forces stationed in Korea(USFK) and overcome the unequal factor of SOFA. USFK have to transfer peace-keeping troops in Northeast Asia by organizing the joint mechanism which manage peace arrangement among the nations(SK/NK, US/NK). In conclusion, it is inevitable that ROK-US alliance should evolve in order to revive as an equilibrium for peace and flourishing and managing the NK threat under security circumstance in the Korea Peninsula. It cannot be accomplished ROK-US alliance evolution in the asymmetric state, also the asymmetric state could be solved and served as a momentum to develop the alliance thru the pursuit of self-reliance. Of course, one side process is not proper in the way of pursuit self-reliance Both countries(US, ROK) should go thru the process of strategic talk and consultation like a redeeming process of the wartime OPCON.