統合防衛支援本部 發展方向에 대한 硏究

Abstract

National security of the Republic of Korea has been changed so much due to domestic and foreign situation since new President, Lee Myung-bak, took office in 2008. Former two administrations pushed with "Sunshine Policy" with their political enthusiasm, and tried to promote their policy extremely without considering international situations. And it has damaged alliance between Korea and the United States. This thesis explains the Integrated Defence Support Center based on the Integrated Defence Law and its implementing ordinances, which is a part of the Integrated Defence Posture-The basis of an all-out national security posture. The Integrated Defence Guidance was enacted as No.18 instruction from the President in 1967, and it revised as No. 28 instruction again in 1970. Besides the Integrated Defence Guidance has been changed 18 times more since 1970. It was revised lastly on Apr. 15th 2007. Furthermore, the Integrated Defence Law was established as Law No. 5264 in 1997, and it has been altered 5 times. However, as its contents of the Integrated Defence Guidance contradict other laws, there is a flaw in application of IDL. In case of Japan, Defence Center of Japan and its provisons, which is based on self-defence law against an unspecified risk, operates systematically and concretely with main ministers as the central figure. Korea has three restrictions compared to Japan. First, the Integrated Defence Law and its implementing ordinances was enacted without a legal basis, so the Integrated Defence Guidance became the base of them. However, contents of revised the Integrated Defence Law and its implementing ordinances do not have relevance to wartime. The Integrated Defence Law enacted on Jan. 1st 1997 and the Integrated Defence Guidance are those examples. Article 2 of the first chapter of the Integrated Defence Guidance mentions that Laws are applied during the wartime and peacetime, but most of its contents relate to limited warfare. Moreover, revised contents state that Defence Support Center operate during the wartime, but some parts of them contradict Emergency Resource Control Law enacted on Feb. 2nd 2008 and Emergency Provision General Guidance(Instruction of the President No.43). Some parts of the Integrated Defence Guidance were revised again on Mar. 3rd 2006, but it did not show the difference compared to the previous Guidance. Second, if the Integrated Defence Situation is proclaimed or 「Jindotgae I」is issued, the Integrated Defence Support Center should be on operation based on the Integrated Defence Guidance's appendix #4 states, but it dose not work in case of 「Chungmu situation」and「DEFCON」. Even, it does not have a content about Emergency Provision Guidance and「Chungmu Plan」. Third, the Integrated Situation Room does not establish clear-cut lines of authority and responsibility between the Integrated Defence Guidance and Emergency Provision Guidance, and it is operated by officers's own convenience, so it results in loss of controlling ability. Besides, the function of the Integrated Situation Room is limited for Military Operation Support, so its level of effectiveness is low. Consequently, it is extremely hard to set up integrated system. To cover those problems, it is important to make connection among the Integrated Defence Law and its implementing ordinances, and the Integrated Defence Guidance. Moreover, maintenance of administration and public order, securing military exclusive way and public relations to residents about wartime should be reconsidered and amended. About peacetime, Organic cooperation system among the public - the government-the military and the police, authority and responsibility, mission division, the right of command and the plan for sharing information and situation should be clear and accurate. Complementing the Integrated Situation Room has to pounder on its operation and formation, its communication system, establishment of C4I system through the cooperation with Disaster Safety Center, then it is able to develop itself future-oriented. the Integrated Defence Support Center must organize units the public - the government-the military and the police connectedly. Also constructing database makes the Integrated Defence Support Center reduce the delay time and shorten their procedures, because it has an ability to do work in real-time. The Integrated Defence is for an all-out war, so its purpose is maintenance of the Integrated Defence Support Posture, and should cope with battlefield of the future. However, the central government's control and its power has been weaker, and the power of the local government becomes bigger. In this situation, the importance of Integrated Defence is not recognized during the peacetime.